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The Apostle to the Gentiles
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A Biblical Response to the Undermining of the
Apostleship of Paul and the Denial of the Scriptural
Authority of His Writings
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Written by Wes Hazlett
Edited by Mischeal Steinert
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What This Exposé Reveals
What happens when the Apostle Paul is removed from the canon?
This exposé answers with clarity and conviction.
The Apostle to the Gentiles is a doctrinal defense and spiritual wake-up call. It confronts the growing trend of anti-Paulinian ideology—a movement that denies Paul’s apostleship and discredits his Spirit-breathed writings. But this denial doesn’t stop with Paul. It unravels the testimony of nearly every New Testament writer who affirms him.
Through a two-edged approach—affirmation vs. disaffirmation—this study walks readers through:
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The theological consequences of rejecting Paul’s epistles
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How each New Testament book either affirms or collapses without Paul
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A visual breakdown of canonical integrity through Reference and Companion tools
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Hermeneutical clarity: exegesis vs. eisegesis
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A final, Christ-centered invitation to truth and grace
Every Biblical claim is anchored in Scripture. Every section is built to equip, exhort, and expose. Whether you’re a pastor, teacher, student, or seeker, this exposé will challenge your assumptions, deepen your convictions, and strengthen your defense of the faith once delivered.
“Ultimately, a denial of the Scriptural writings of the Apostle Paul is a denial of the trustworthiness of God's entire New Testament revelation to mankind.”
—Wes Hazlett | Author, The Apostle to the Gentiles
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What Is the Anti-Paulinian Belief System?
The Anti-Paulinian belief system is a theological position that denies the apostleship of Paul and rejects the divine authority of his writings within the New Testament. It asserts that Paul was either self-appointed, doctrinally errant, or not commissioned by Christ—and therefore, his epistles should not be considered Holy Scripture.
This belief system is not merely a rejection of one man’s ministry. It is a doctrinal unraveling. To disaffirm Paul is to discredit the testimony of Luke, Peter, James, and John—each of whom affirms Paul’s apostleship either directly or indirectly. It forces a reinterpretation of Acts, a dismissal of thirteen epistles, and a collapse of canonical unity.
Anti-Paulinian ideology often arises from:
Misinterpretation of Paul’s rebukes and doctrinal clarity
Elevation of speculative writings or extra-biblical sources
A desire to reshape Christianity around cultural or philosophical preferences
A rejection of Pauline teachings on grace, authority, gender, or ecclesiology
This exposé does not attack individuals who hold such views. It exposes the theological consequences of the belief system itself. It calls readers to test every claim against Scripture and to recognize that the Word of God is not bound—but man is bound to it.
“If any man preach any other gospel unto you than that ye have received, let him be accursed.”
—Galatians 1:9
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages i–xx
i. Dedication
In honor of unwavering pastoral compassion that stood firm in spiritual bonds.
ii. Foreword and Statement of Faith
Declaring the sixty-six books of Scripture as the sole, unbreakable authority.
iii. Acknowledgment
Gratitude for doctrinal review, editorial precision, and intercessory support.
iv. Preamble to Introduction
Establishing the canon as the only measure of truth and revelation.
v. Motivation for The Apostle to the Gentiles
A call to contend earnestly for the faith once delivered to the saints.
vi. A Two-Edged Approach
Contrasting affirmation and disaffirmation of Paul’s apostleship through Scripture.
vii. Conclusion Reference
Previewing the doctrinal summation and spiritual implications of rejecting Paul.
viii. Appendix Overview (Reference, Companion, & CounterPoint
Visual breakdowns of canonical affirmation and anti-Paulinian (or Anti-Pauline) disaffirmation.
ix. Introduction
Drawing the sword of the Spirit against ideological attacks on Paul’s authority.
x. Authorship of the Manuscript
A testimony forged in Scripture, fire, and doctrinal precision.
xi. An Obligation to the Reader
Inviting correction if any claim contradicts the Word of God.
xii. Visual Insert: Apostolic Map
A symbolic representation of Paul’s divine commissioning and ministry reach.
xiii. Affirmation vs. Disaffirmation of Pauline Writings
Exploring the domino effect of rejecting Paul’s epistles.
xiv. Books of Paul: Strategic Setup
Positioning Paul’s writings.
Canonical Breakdown
Pages 1–51
1. Books of Paul (13)
Spirit-breathed, Christ-ordained, and historical writings. Author's note regarding Hebrews (1) .
6. Books of John (5)
Apostolic unity and silence on rebuke affirm Paul indirectly.
12. Books of Luke (2)
Luke’s independent testimony confirms Paul’s divine commissioning.
18. Books of Peter (2)
Peter calls Paul “beloved” and his writings “Scripture.”
23. Book of Matthew (1)
Matthew affirms Peter, who affirms Paul—forming a chain of trust.
26. Book of Mark (1)
Mark’s ministry with Paul is profitable and affirmed.
28. Book of Jude (1)
Jude echoes Peter’s affirmation of Paul, reinforcing doctrinal harmony.
31. Book of James (1)
James receives Paul as a brother, affirming him through Acts and Galatians.
Hermeneutical Analysis
Pages 52–66
52. A & B Approach: Exegesis vs. Eisegesis
Letting Scripture speak versus forcing it to say what it never said.
54. A & B Approach Synopsis
Two interpretive paths—one faithful, one fatal.
56. Approach A: Main Points
Affirmation through Scripture’s unified testimony across all 27 books.
60. Approach B: Main Points
Disaffirmation leads to collapse—every book falls if Paul is false.
62. Final Reflections
Weighing the spiritual and doctrinal consequences of rejecting Paul.
64. APPROACH Final Note
Word counts, historical printing, and the weight of divine authorship.
66. In Conclusion
Paul’s apostleship affirmed by Christ, Luke, Peter, and the Holy Ghost.
Appendix and Closing Sections
Pages 67–119
67. Canonical Affirmation REFERENCE ChartS
A detailed chart showing how each New Testament book affirms Paul.
70. Chart Commentary and Notes
Explaining the theological implications of each affirmation.
77. Memoriam
Honoring Carmen Valenzuela—A faithful prayer warrior.
80. Addendum Postscript (Cover Commentary)
Saul’s divine confrontation and transformation—Blinded by the Light.
83. Expanded Notes on Hebrews
Exploring authorship, Timothy’s role, and Italy’s salutation.
89. Apostolic Chain of Trust
How Peter, Mark, Luke, and others affirm Paul’s ministry.
96. A COLLAPSE WITHOUT Canonical Integrity
The theological consequences of removing Paul from the canon.
100. Final Doctrinal Summary
A closing defense of Pauline authority and scriptural unity.
105. Closing Benediction and Invitation
A Christ-centered call to truth and grace.
110. End Matter and Publishing Notes
Acknowledgments, formatting notes, and publishing details.
115. ADDED SOURCES AND Blank Reflection Pages
Additional appendix and reference chart locations, Blank page and closure.
118. BACK Cover and BCA Ministry CONTACT Information
Back cover art and ministry contact information.
Dedication
Page .i
The Apostle to the Gentiles is dedicated to Pastor Dave Rogers.
In my bonds, your compassion never wavered. Henceforth, may I ever be bound to the Gospel.
—Wes Hazlett
Foreword and Statement of Faith
Page .ii
This expository study was conducted with the full conviction that the sixty-six canonized books of the Old (39) and New (27) Testaments are the authoritative Word of God. Scripture alone interprets Scripture.
“To the law and to the testimony: if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them.” —Isaiah 8:20 “The law and the prophets were until John: since that time the kingdom of God is preached, and every man presseth into it.” —Luke 16:16 “Heaven and earth shall pass away, but my words shall not pass away.” —Matthew 24:35
“The testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy.” —Revelation 19:10 “We also have a more sure word of prophecy… Knowing this first, that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation.” —2 Peter 1:19–21
“All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness.” —2 Timothy 3:16–17
John 21:25 reminds us that the world itself could not contain all the books that would be written about Jesus. Yet John 20:31 affirms that what is written is sufficient for belief and salvation.
Scripture is not to be added to or taken from (Deuteronomy 4:2; Revelation 22:18; Proverbs 30:5–6). It is God’s revelation to mankind, and mankind is bound to live by His Word (Matthew 4:4).
“Remember that Jesus Christ of the seed of David was raised from the dead according to my gospel: Wherein I suffer trouble, as an evil doer, even unto bonds; but the word of God is not bound.”
—2 Timothy 2:8–9
Because the Word of God is not bound, anything that is not the Word of God is a bondslave to it.
May the Lord receive all glory, honor, and praise through this work.
Acknowledgment
Page .iii
Thank you, Pastor Dave Rogers, for your careful examination of the doctrinal elements within this manuscript. Your unwavering commitment to truth has been a vital safeguard in its preparation.
Thank you Pastor Mark Lockett, for your 'iron sharpens iron' influence in my life and throughout the preparation of the final elements of this manuscript.
Thank you, Mischeal Steinert, for your unwavering dedication and grammatical precision in editing and proofreading The Apostle to the Gentiles. Your pursuit of excellence in safeguarding the book’s Scriptural integrity was not merely editorial—it was a labor of love for the Lord.
To all who prayed during the preparation of this work—your intercession has been a living testament to the faith once delivered.
Above all, all honor and glory to the Lord Jesus Christ. Apart from Christ, my Lord and Savior—
I can do nothing.
REFERENCE, COMPANION, AND COUNTERPOINT CHARTS CAN BE EMAILED AT NO CHARGE
VISIT OUR CONTACT PAGE TO SUBMIT REQUEST
Preamble to Introduction
Page .iv
The Apostle to the Gentiles is an expository study grounded in the conviction that all sixty-six books of the Biblical Canon are Holy Scripture as revealed through the Old Testament (39 books) and the New Testament (27 books). Throughout this manuscript, “Word of God” or “Holy Scripture” refers exclusively to these canonized books.
All Scripture quotations are taken from the Authorized King James Version (KJV)
The King James Version (KJV) of the Bible, originally published in 1611, is in the public domain. It is not subject to copyright restrictions and may be freely used, reproduced, and distributed without permission.
No portion of Holy Scripture cited in this document may be extracted or repurposed in a manner that distorts its contextual placement, theological intent, or narrative flow as structured herein.
MOTIVATION FOR THE APOSTLE TO THE GENTILES
Page .v
In Christian exhortation, we are called to contend earnestly for the faith. This manuscript was motivated by the following Scriptures:
“Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God.”
—Matthew 4:4
“Beloved… it was needful for me to write unto you and exhort you that ye should earnestly contend for the faith which was once delivered unto the saints.”
—Jude 1:3
“Preach the word; be instant in season, out of season; reprove, rebuke, exhort with all longsuffering and doctrine.” —2 Timothy 4:2
“But watch thou in all things, endure afflictions, do the work of an evangelist, make full proof of thy ministry.” —2 Timothy 4:5
This work is a response to the increasing rejection of sound doctrine and the rise of fables in place of truth.
a two-edged approach
page .vi
This study employs two contrasting methodologies—each designed to clarify dual positions:
Approach A: AFFIRMATIONAL
Approach A affirms (qualifies) the apostleship of Paul through the testimony of Holy Scripture. In harmony with our statement of faith— The Apostle to the Gentiles stands on the truth of Holy Scripture that the Biblical Canon containing 66 books (39 Old Testament / 27 New Testament) is the authoritative Word of God and that Scripture interprets Scripture.
Approach B: DISAFFIRMATIONAL
Approach B disaffirms (disqualifies) rejects Paul’s apostleship and, by necessity, discredits the testimony of other New Testament writers who affirm him.
CONCLUSION REFERENCE
page .vii
The doctrinal conclusion of this study is located on pages 66–70. It summarizes the theological consequences of rejecting Paul’s apostleship and affirms the unity of Scripture.
APPENDIX OVERVIEW
Page .viii
All appendices formulated from the Apostle to the Gentiles are intended to serve as easy reference tools. You can enlarge the images below clicking on the panes.
Note: BCA Apostleship CounterPoints is currently being updated.
APPENDIX OVERVIEW
Page .viii
All appendices formulated from the Apostle to the Gentiles are intended to serve as easy reference tools. You can enlarge the images below clicking on the panes.
Note: BCA Apostleship CounterPoints is currently being updated.
APPENDIX OVERVIEW
Page .viii
All appendices formulated from the Apostle to the Gentiles are intended to serve as easy reference tools. You can enlarge the images below clicking on the panes.
Note: BCA Apostleship CounterPoints is currently being updated.
INTRODUCTION
Page .iX
A Christian places their sword back in its sheath and gives God the praise for skillfully wielding the Sword of the Spirit in defense of the faith once delivered.
Attacks on the Word of God come from every angle—even from friends we once believed held an uncompromising view of the inerrancy of Scripture and who were seemingly devoted to its defense.
The motivation for producing The Apostle to the Gentiles became deeply personal when a man known to this author, once seemingly so strong in the Word, came to deny the apostleship of Paul.
By denying Paul’s writings as Holy Scripture and disaffirming his apostleship, an anti-Paulinian ideology is created. To maintain consistency within that ideology, one must also disaffirm the testimony of other New Testament writers who affirm Paul.
The book of Hebrews may be considered non-Paulinian due to the writer being unnamed. It's quite simple, Hebrews neither affirms or confirms its writer. Furthermore, if it could be Paul's work- you cannot affirm, in all intellectual honestly, that Hebrews is the inspired Word of God- if one holds to an Anti-Paulinian view.
Hebrews 13:18 includes the phrase “Pray for us,” a petition used only three other times in the New Testament—twice by Paul (1 Thessalonians 5:25; 2 Thessalonians 3:1). Additionally, Timothy, a known ministerial companion and fellow laborer of Paul (Colossians 1:1), is mentioned in Hebrews 13:23. Paul’s words in Philippians 2:19–24 further affirm Timothy’s role. Consider also the unique relationship between Peter and Mark in 1 Peter 5:13, where Paul was preparing to send Timotheus to the saints at Philippi to check on their well-being.
Hebrews 13:24 adds, “They of Italy salute you.” In Luke’s account (Acts 28:11–13), Paul and his company were in Syracuse, Italy. The Lord Jesus Himself attests to Paul’s testimony in Rome (Acts 23:11). While the writer of Hebrews remains unnamed, Paul, Timothy, Peter, or another Gospel preacher in Italy at that time was inextricably linked to Paul’s ministry. Romans 1:7 confirms this: “To all that be in Rome, beloved of God, called to be saints: Grace to you and peace from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ.”
AUTHORSHIP
Page .X
“Is not my word like as a fire? saith the LORD; and like a hammer that breaketh the rock in pieces?” —Jeremiah 23:29
The Word of God was the foundation for this expository study. It is not merely referenced—it is wielded, boldly. This author does not mince words when it comes to the authority of the Word of God.
Holy Scripture reveals that Jesus of Nazareth is God Himself manifested in the flesh (1 Timothy 3:16), the eternal Word made flesh (John 1:1–14), who came down from Heaven (John 6:38) and came from God, Himself (John 8:42). The Word of Truth testifies that Jesus was sent first to the lost sheep of Israel (Ezekiel 34:23–24; Matthew 10:5; 15:24), and then to the Gentiles (Romans 1:16; 2:10; Isaiah 42:6; 62:2).
Jesus the Christ visited His own creation and proclaimed the truth (John 14:6 - Himself) through the preaching of the Gospel to His disciples—who are to become apostles. By revelation and direct commission from Christ, He ordained Saul of Tarsus to become an Apostle to the Gentiles (Acts 9; Romans 11:13). Through the sacrifice of Himself, Christ made the way for the unregenerate to receive salvation (John 3:16–18)—first to the Jew, then to the Gentile (Isaiah 62:2; Romans 1:16).
Christ appeared to Saul of Tarsus and ordained him to be an Apostle to the Gentiles (Acts 9; Romans 11:13), who spoke the words of God (Acts 13:44–47) by the revelation of Christ (Galatians 1:1–2).
This significant role is testified directly by Luke and Peter, and indirectly by several others throughout Scripture. Collectively, they— along with numerous additional New Testament named figures— affirm the apostleship of Paul.
“The law and the prophets were until John: since that time the kingdom of God is preached, and every man *presseth into it.” —Luke 16:16
*The Greek word translated as “presseth” in Luke 16:16 is βιάζεται (biazetai).
This verb comes from the root βιάζω (biazō), which means 'to force', 'to seize', or to 'press violently'.
The twenty-seven books of the New Testament reveal that Jesus Christ, the Son of God, is God Himself (Isaiah 9:6; John 1:1; Hebrews 1:8)—the Eternal Word (Micah 5:2) who took upon the nature of mankind and was made flesh (John 1:1–14; 1 Timothy 3:16; Hebrews 10:5–7; Philippians 2:6–7). He came down from Heaven (John 6:38) to do the will of the Father (John 6:38–46), and this truth is testified by the power of the Holy Spirit (John 15:26).
While Jesus was sent first to the lost sheep of Israel as the promised Messiah (Isaiah 53; Matthew 10:5), He opened the door to salvation for all sinful men through the sacrifice of Himself (John 10:14–18). This gift of salvation is offered to the entire world (John 3:16–18)—first to the Jew (Luke 1:68; Matthew 15:24), then to the Gentile (Isaiah 62:2; Romans 1:16).
The Word of God, revealed through the Old (39) and New (27) Testament books of the Biblical Canon, is God’s witness of Himself to His creation. As offspring of Adam, we are called to live by every Word of God (Luke 4:4). The writers of Scripture recorded God’s incorruptible Word (1 Peter 1:22–25), moved by the Holy Spirit (2 Peter 1:19–21). His Word is truth (John 17:17), and His truth endures forever (Psalm 117:2), throughout all generations (Psalm 100:5).
“Every word of God is pure: he is a shield unto them that put their trust in him. Add thou not unto his words, lest he reprove thee, and thou be found a liar.” —Proverbs 30:5–6
“For I testify unto every man that heareth the words of the prophecy of this book, If any man shall add unto these things, God shall add unto him the plagues that are written in this book.” —Revelation 22:18
The Apostle Paul’s ministry is presented in his writings: Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 and 2 Thessalonians, 1 and 2 Timothy, Titus, Philemon, and Hebrews.
“Knowing this first, that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation. For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost.” —2 Peter 1:20–21
AN OBLIGATION TO THE READER
Page .XI
Dear reader, test this document against Scripture. If this Apostle to the Gentiles presentation contradicts the Word of God and is found to be in doctrinal error, one is not only obligated to reject the doctrine but also to— in the spirit of meekness- confront and correct the author—Scripturally(Galatians 6:1).
Gentle Restoration and Meekness
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Galatians 6:1 — “Brothers, if someone is caught in a sin, you who live by the Spirit should restore that person gently. But watch yourselves, or you also may be tempted.”
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2 Timothy 2:24–25 — “The Lord’s servant must not be quarrelsome but must be kind to everyone, able to teach, not resentful.
WITH REASON - CALL OUT THE FAULT BETWEEN YOU AND THIS AUTHOR
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Acts 17:2–3 — “And Paul, as his manner was… reasoned with them out of the scriptures, opening and alleging…”
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James 5:19–20 — “Brethren, if any of you do err from the truth, and one convert him… he shall save a soul from death, and shall hide a multitude of sins.”
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Titus 1:9 — “Holding fast the faithful word… that he may be able by sound doctrine both to exhort and to convince the gainsayers.”
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2 Timothy 3:16–17 — “All Scripture is given by inspiration of God… for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness…”
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Colossians 4:6 — “Let your speech be always with grace, seasoned with salt, that ye may know how ye ought to answer every man.”
Correction is rescue. It’s redemptive, not punitive. It is unconscionable to this author as to someone not coming to a brother in Christ in the spirit of condemnation. Opponents must be gently instructed, in the hope that God will grant them repentance. The thrust of the heart is repentance, not winning an argument.
COME LET US REASON
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Isaiah 1:18 — “Come now, and let us reason together, saith the Lord…”
If the Lord admonishes us to reason together with Him as Isaiah recorded— we ought to follow suit. It is unconscionable to do otherwise, lest we be under a spirit not of God.
APOSTOLIC MAP
Page .Xii
Map Coming Soon
Map of Paul’s divine commissioning and missionary reach. This visual insert depicts key locations from Paul’s ministry—Philippi, Thessalonica, Rome, and beyond—illustrating the geographical and spiritual scope of his apostleship. It serves as a visual geographic anchor in support of locations named throughout the Apostle to the Gentiles that intertwine with individuals named within the New Testament record that affirm the ministerial labors of Paul throughout Jew and Gentile regions.
THIS SECTION LEFT INTENTIONALLY BLANK
Page .TBD
To Be Added.
Emphasis Bolded portions within Scripture are used for emphasis only. They highlight key doctrinal affirmations, apostolic declarations, and thematic elements central to this exposé. No alteration has been made to the original text of the Authorized King James Version (KJV); the bolding serves solely as a visual aid to draw attention to pivotal truths.
Books of Paul
Paul's *13 Books of the New Testament
*14 Books if Hebrews is attributed to the Letters of the Apostle Paul
BOOKS OF PAUL (*13)
Page 1.
Total Word Count ATTRIBUTED TO Paul's LETTERS: ~43,293 words
(Approximate, based on manuscript sources)
Approach A: all 13 letters affirmed
*HEBREWS ALSO AFFIRMED
THE NEW Testament affirms
Paul's testimony and affirms all 13 of Paul's book
*Approach B: DISAFFIRMED
The Anti-Paulinian presuppositional view of
Paul's writings disaffirm all 13 of Paul's books
*There is no Approach B in Paul's letters due to Anti-Paulinian theology claiming Paul to be a false apostle.
Thirteen canonical books of Paul:
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Romans
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1 Corinthians
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2 Corinthians
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Galatians
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Ephesians
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Philippians
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Colossians
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1 Thessalonians
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2 Thessalonians
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1 Timothy
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2 Timothy
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Titus
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Philemon
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“Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God.”
—Romans 1:1
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These verses directly affirm the apostleship of Paul and his divine commissioning by Jesus Christ:
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Romans 1:1–7
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1 Corinthians 9:1–2
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2 Corinthians 11:7
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Galatians 1:1–2
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Ephesians 1:1
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Philippians 1:15–17
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Colossians 1:1
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1 Timothy 2:7
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2 Timothy 1:1
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Titus 1:1–3
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Philemon 1:1
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Hebrews 13:18–24 (see note below)
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*HEBREWS: SCHOLARLY DEBATE ON WHO WROTE HEBREWS
The Hebrews cover page chart below for REFERENCE
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PAUL's LETTERS: AFFIRMATION OF AN APOSTLE
1 Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God,
2 (Which he had promised afore by his prophets in the holy scriptures,)
3 Concerning his Son Jesus Christ our Lord, which was made of the seed of David according to the flesh;
4 And declared to be the Son of God with power, according to the spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead:
5 By whom we have received grace and apostleship, for obedience to the faith among all nations, for his name:
6 Among whom are ye also the called of Jesus Christ:
7 To all that be in Rome, beloved of God, called to be saints: Grace to you and peace from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ.
—Romans 1:1-7
1 Am I not an apostle? am I not free? have I not *seen Jesus Christ our Lord? are not ye my work in the Lord?
2 If I be not an apostle unto others, yet doubtless I am to you: for the seal of mine apostleship are ye in the Lord.
—1 Corinthians 9:1-2
“Have I committed an offence in abasing myself that ye might be exalted, because I have preached to you the gospel of God freely?”
—2 Corinthians 11:7
“Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, to the saints which are at Ephesus, and to the faithful in Christ Jesus:”
—Ephesians 1:1
Signs of an apostle in Ministry & THE MIRACULOUS
Paul's ministry and mission was not in word only— but in the power of God's works— through Paul. Jesus declared that miraculous things would be done at the hands of the Apostles who He sent out to proclaim the Gospel.
Paul's apostleship was affirmed and confirmed throughout Scripture. Mark records the words of Christ:
“And these signs shall follow them that believe; In my name shall they cast out devils; they shall speak with new tongues; They shall take up serpents; and if they drink any deadly thing, it shall not hurt them; they shall lay hands on the sick, and they shall recover.” —Mark 16:17–18
MIGHTY SIGNS AND WONDERS *wrought by paul
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Casting out devils — Acts 16:18: Paul rebukes and frees a slave girl from a spirit of divination.
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Taking up serpents — Acts 28:3–6: Paul survives a viper bite without harm, stunning the onlookers.
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Healing the sick — Acts 19:11–12: Even garments from Paul’s body brought healing and deliverance.
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Raising the dead — Acts 20:9–12: Paul restores Eutychus to life after a fatal fall.
Notice who recorded the miracles? Luke- the writer of the book Acts. The Book of Acts records numerous occurrences where Paul performs the very works Christ said would follow His apostles—casting out demons, healing, raising the dead—exercising divine authority.
These miracles confirm his apostleship not only in word, but in power.
"18 For I will not dare to speak of any of those things which Christ hath not wrought by me, to make the Gentiles obedient, by word and deed, 19 Through mighty signs and wonders, by the power of the Spirit of God; so that from Jerusalem, and round about unto Illyricum, I have fully preached the gospel of Christ."
—Romans 15:18-19
"9 And he said unto me, My grace is sufficient for thee: for my strength is made perfect in weakness. Most gladly therefore will I rather glory in my infirmities, that the power of Christ may rest upon me. 10 Therefore I take pleasure in infirmities, in reproaches, in necessities, in persecutions, in distresses for Christ's sake: for when I am weak, then am I strong. 11 I am become a fool in glorying; ye have compelled me: for I ought to have been commended of you: for in nothing am I behind the very chiefest apostles, though I be nothing. 12 Truly the signs of an apostle were wrought among you in all patience, in signs, and wonders, and mighty deeds."
—2 Corinthians 12:9-12
*The Greek word translated as "wrought" in Romans 15:18 is κατειργάσατο (kateirgásato), which means “has accomplished,” “has worked,” or “has brought about.”
Scriptural Affirmation of Apostolic Authority
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Romans 1:1–7 — Paul is “called to be an apostle, separated unto the gospel of God.”
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1 Corinthians 9:1–2 — “Have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord?”
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Galatians 1:1 — “Not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ…”
Paul’s works align with the biblical chart of apostolic functions:
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*Eyewitness of Christ (Acts 9; 1 Cor. 15:8)
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Signs and Wonders (Acts 14, 16, 19, 20, 28)
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Wrote the Word of God (*13 epistles - 14 if Hebrews is included)
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Spoke the Word of God (Acts 13 - Those who contradicted God's words through Paul- blasphemed
*Eyewitness of Christ. When did Paul see Jesus? See following the conclusion of this section.
APPROACH A & B CONCLUSION
Approach A:
A. The Pauline epistles (also called Pauline Corpus) are the thirteen New Testament books (*14 with Hebrews) attributed to Paul the Apostle. These books are Romans, 1 & 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 & 2 Thessalonians, 1 & 2 Timothy, Titus, and Philemon.
Approach B:
No part B in Pauline section due to the hypothetical exclusion of Paul’s writings or writings by a scribe recording Paul's words as inspired by the Holy Spirit (2 Peter 1:20-21).
CONCLUSION ON Paul's BOOKS
The New Testament is not ambiguous about Paul’s apostleship—it thunders. Even modern scholarship ascribes thirteen canonical books to Paul. According to Holy Scripture, Paul was “separated unto the gospel of God” (Romans 1:1) with the testimony of Scripture bearing witness to Paul's God-ordained authority as an apostle. Paul's letters comprise approximately half of the body of New Testament books.
The very signs Christ said would follow His apostles—followed the mission and ministry of Paul, proving that Paul was— called, confirmed, and never forsook by our great God and Savior Jesus Christ.
OPEN
Text
Seen 'Jesus Christ our Lord' *Chronological Context
Paul mentions 'seeing' Jesus Christ in his first letter to the church at Corinth (1 Corinthians 9:1). 1 Corinthians was written approximately in AD 55, during Paul’s third missionary journey. By this time, Paul had preached over twenty years and by 55 AD had received multiple visions of Christ.
Even if one was to exclude Christ appearing to Saul of Tarsus/Paul on the road to Damascus (Acts 9:17) as Paul not actually seeing Christ (Acts 9:3–6; Acts 22:6–11; Acts 26:12–18), but only heard the voice of Christ (Acts 9:4-9; 22:7-14).
In Luke's testimony within the Book of Acts, Luke writes of Ananias speaking to Paul:
“And he said, The God of our fathers hath chosen thee, that thou shouldest know his will, and see that Just One, and shouldest hear the voice of his mouth.”
—Acts 22:14
When does Paul see Christ? Luke records when Paul saw Jesus and notice, in the timeline of Paul's missionary work it occurs before his first letter to the Corinthians. Luke records Ananias speaking in verse 16 and Paul in verses 17-21:
"16 And now why tarriest thou? arise, and be baptized, and wash away thy sins, calling on the name of the Lord.
17 And it came to pass, that, when I was come again to Jerusalem, even while I prayed in the temple, I was in a trance;
18 And saw him saying unto me, Make haste, and get thee quickly out of Jerusalem: for they will not receive thy testimony concerning me.
19 And I said, Lord, they know that I imprisoned and beat in every synagogue them that believed on thee:
20 And when the blood of thy martyr Stephen was shed, I also was standing by, and consenting unto his death, and kept the raiment of them that slew him.
21 And he said unto me, Depart: for I will send thee far hence unto the Gentiles."
—Acts 22:16-21
THEN SPAKE THE LORD TO PAUL IN THE NIGHT BY A VISION
"9 Then spake the Lord to Paul in the night by a vision, Be not afraid, but speak, and hold not thy peace:
10 For I am with thee, and no man shall set on thee to hurt thee: for I have much people in this city.
11 And he continued there a year and six months, teaching the word of God among them."
—Acts 18:9-11
The Apostle Paul not only heard the words of Christ- he saw Christ. Christ appeared to Paul in a trance, he “saw him saying unto me…” —an encounter of Christ followed with audible instruction. This appearance of Christ to Paul occurred early in Paul’s ministry, before his letter to the Corinthians. The Book of Acts aligns with Paul's claims is letters- supporting the claim—Scripturally— that Paul had seen the Lord Jesus Christ.
Hebrews names Timothy—Paul’s closest companion—as “our brother” (Hebrews 13:23), affirming his ministry and apostolic ties. Timothy is inseparable from Paul, appearing in thirteen of his letters and serving as his delegate and spiritual son. The writer of Hebrews shares travel plans with Timothy and echoes Pauline theology: Christ as High Priest, the New Covenant, and justification by faith. The greeting from Italy (Hebrews 13:24) further aligns with Paul’s known movements. To accept Hebrews while rejecting Paul is doctrinally inconsistent. The epistle may be unsigned, but it stands firmly within the apostolic network Paul helped establish and defend.
modern bible versions & Hebrews
Paul and the Epistle to the Hebrews
Comparing Modern Scholarship and Patristic Lineage
Dear reader, for the purposes of those who may not have a version of the New Testament that identifies Paul as the which states on the cover page of Hebrews (See above Cover Page Illustration).
Paul and the Epistle to the Hebrews
In remaining faithful to the New Testament and the canonization of its 27 books there are certain affirmations already entrenched in its nomenclature:
Hebrews is included within the new testament canon
By virtue of Hebrews already being part of the New Testament— it is already affirmed as Holy Scripture in alignment with Approach A— Affirmational
The Apostle to the Gentiles uses a dual approach methodological lens to approach:
1. ascribing the book of Hebrews to The Apostle Paul
Approach 1 pursues the view of patristic lineage- where the Apostle Paul is identified as the writer of the Book of Hebrews patristically since the time of Polycarp's writings. Polycarp was a disciple of John- the oldest living disciple.
Even before the first English Bible (apx. 1380 AD), a long historical lineage of Paul's accepted letters can be traced back all the way to Polycarp.
*Refer to Patriarchal Lineage of Paul's Writings above in chart form
Currently being Edited
2. ascribing the book of Hebrews to an unknown writer
Approach 2 pursues the view of modern scholasticism— which does not ascribe the Book of Hebrews to the Apostle Paul. The Apostle to the Gentiles. However, for the purposes of this expose, this author does not rely on Paul being named within the book of Hebrews to solidify affirmational or disaffirmational positions for the purposes of this expose.
Why?
Hebrews names Timothy—Paul’s closest companion—as “our brother” (Hebrews 13:23), affirming his presence and ministerial role within the epistle. Timothy is not a peripheral figure; he is robustly embedded in Paul’s apostolic mission, appearing in thirteen of Paul’s letters and prominently in the book of Acts, authored by Luke.
Thus, by Anti-Paulinian logic, if Paul is not the author of Hebrews, the problem deepens: another New Testament writer—presumably non-Pauline—joins Luke in affirming Timothy’s ministry. This creates a theological inconsistency. Timothy’s inclusion in Hebrews binds the epistle to Paul’s apostolic network, regardless of authorship. To reject Paul while accepting Hebrews is to accept Timothy while severing him from the very apostle who commissioned him.
Luke records in the Acts of the Apostles:
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Acts 16:1–3 — Timothy is introduced in Lystra, “well reported of by the brethren.”
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Acts 17:14–15 — Paul sends Timothy and Silas to Berea while he remains in Athens.
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Acts 18:5 — Timothy and Silas rejoin Paul in Corinth, strengthening the ministry.
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Acts 19:22 — Paul sends Timothy and Erastus ahead into Macedonia.
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Acts 20:4 — Timothy is listed within Paul’s entourage traveling to Jerusalem.
TIMOTHY BEING NAMED IN THE BOOK OF HEBREWS DISAFFIRMS THE BOOK OF HEBREWS IN APPROACH B FOR THE ANTI-PAULINIAN as authoritative scripture
The writer of Hebrews shares travel plans, reveals Christ as High Priest, writes on the New Covenant, and justification by faith— all consistent with Pauline messaging. The greeting from Italy (Hebrews 13:24) further aligns with Paul’s known movements. In staying consistent with Anti-Paulinian theology— Hebrews is dissafirmed as Holy Scripture in accordance with the theological view that Paul is a false apostle.
This segment was added for the purposes of contrasting modern Bible versions and scholarly debate with the historical and apostolic lineage affirming Paul’s connection to the Epistle to the Hebrews.
This presents a dual approach: one rooted in patristic testimony tracing back to Polycarp, affirming Pauline authorship; the other reflecting modern scholasticism, which leaves authorship uncertain. Regardless of naming, Hebrews is canonically affirmed as Scripture. The internal evidence—Timothy’s mention, Pauline theology, and Roman greetings—reinforces apostolic ties. For Anti-Paulinian theology, which rejects Paul entirely, Hebrews must also be disaffirmed, exposing the theological inconsistency of Approach B.
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Books of John
John's 5 Books of the New Testament
Gospel of John, 1 | 2 | 3 John, & The Revelation of Jesus Christ
BOOKS OF JOHN (5)
Page TBD.
Total Word Count ATTRIBUTED TO John's LETTERS: ~33,719 words
(Approximate, based on manuscript sources)
Approach A: all 5 letters affirmed
THE NEW Testament affirms
John's testimony and affirms all 5 of John's book
*Approach B: DISAFFIRMED
The Anti-Paulinian presuppositional view of
John's writings disaffirm all 5 of John's books
JOHN's LETTERS: AFFIRMATION OF AN APOSTLE
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The Apostle Paul affirmed in Scripture by John in the book of Acts. Acts 15:2-26, Galatians 2:9
Acts 8:14–17 — Peter and John minister together, laying hands on believers.
John wrote five books that affirmed Paul indirectly by association with Peter, who affirmed Paul.
Acts 8:14-17, "14 Now when the apostles which were at Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the word of God, they sent unto them Peter and John: 15who, when they were come down, prayed for them, that they might receive the Holy Ghost: 16(for as yet he was fallen upon none of them: only they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus.) 17Then laid their hands on them, and they received the Holy Ghost."
In reference to Peter, called by God as a disciple and Apostle chosen by God, Jesus said in
John 17:12, “12While I was with them in the world, I kept them in thy name: those that thou gavest me I have kept, and none of them is lost, but the son of perdition; that the scripture might be fulfilled.”
Judas was the only one of His original twelve disciples that the Lord said was ‘lost’ in John 17:12. Luke wrote of this loss filled by Matthias (who was numbered with the apostles following the loss of Judas) in Acts 1:25, “25That he may take part of this ministry and apostleship, from which Judas by transgression fell, that he might go to his own place.” Though it is not said where Judas went, the Lord Jesus gives ominous words about the man Judas Iscariot as recorded in Mark 14:21, “21The Son of man indeed goeth, as it is written of him: but woe to that man by whom the Son of man is betrayed! good were it for that man if he had never been born.”
Another interesting point to consider is in John’s second epistle, in which John writes in 2 John 1:7-11, “7For many deceivers are entered into the world, who confess not that Jesus Christ has come in the flesh. This is a deceiver and an antichrist. 8Look to yourselves, that we lose not those things which we have wrought, but that we receive a full reward. 9Whosoever transgresseth, and abideth not in the doctrine of Christ, hath not God. He that abideth in the doctrine of Christ, he hath both the Father and the Son. 10If there come any unto you, and bring not this doctrine, receive him not into your house, neither bid him God speed: 11for he that biddeth him God speed is partaker of his evil deeds.”-2 John 1:7-11
John says to let nobody in your house bring this doctrine, yet in Acts, John, Peter, and James all gave Paul a blessing to preach the Gospel to the Gentiles (Acts 9:17, 20:20). Ananias brought Paul into his own house at the command of Jesus. In Galatians 1:18, Paul writes that he ‘abode’ with Peter for fifteen days, while in Acts 20:20-21, Paul taught publicly from “...house to house, Testifying both to the Jews and also to the Greeks, repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ…”
Acts 16:14-15 “14And a certain woman named Lydia, a seller of purple, of the city of Thyatira, which worshipped God, heard us: whose heart the Lord opened, that she attended unto the things which were spoken of Paul. 15And when she was baptized, and her household, she besought us, saying, If ye have judged me to be faithful to the Lord, come into my house, and abide there. And she constrained us.”
John knew the Gospel. Peter knew the Gospel. If Paul preached any other Gospel as John indicated, John would not have supported Paul’s proclamation of the Gospel to the Gentiles in Galatians 2:9. Surely Peter would not have let Paul stay in his own house (Galatians 1:18). Furthermore, Scripture reveals Paul was welcomed into the homes of; Aquila and Priscilla (Acts 18:1-3), Lydia (Acts 16:14-15), Peter (Galatians 1:18), and house to house (Acts 20:20-21) in his mission to proclaim the Gospel.
John Calls out Diotrephes– Not Paul
Diotrephes spread false accusations against John and the brethren. In addition to John instructing fellow believers in Christ to not let those who “abideth not in the doctrine of Christ” into their homes (2 John 1:7-11) - John also calls out by name an individual who rejected Christian believers- Diotrephes.
John wrote in 3 John 1:9-10:
“9I wrote unto the church: but Diotrephes, who loveth to have the preeminence among them, receiveth us not. 10Wherefore, if I come, I will remember his deeds which he doeth, prating against us with malicious words: and not content therewith, neither doth he himself receive the brethren, and forbiddeth them that would, and casteth them out of the church.”
John makes four distinct statements of Diotrephes:
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“…Diotrephes, who loveth to have the preeminence among them, receiveth us not.”
Diotrephes refused to acknowledge or submit to the apostolic authority of John.
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“…prating against us with malicious words…”
(3) “…neither doth he himself receive the brethren…”
Diotrephes did not receive faithful Christians—those sent by apostolic authority.
(4) “…and forbiddeth them that would, and casteth them out of the church.”
Diotrephes removed believers of Christ from the church and even those who would welcome others who desired to come to Christ and fellowship within the church.
In John’s five books, John never rebukes Paul. John never warns against him. Never questions his doctrine, his apostleship, or his authority.
If Paul were a deceiver, Diotrephes would not stand alone. John—who boldly named Diotrephes for rejecting apostolic authority—would have exposed Paul as well. And not subtly. He would have named Paul as a dangerous false teacher to avoid—especially since Paul was a towering figure in the New Testament, far more prominent than Diotrephes. But John didn’t. Not once.
Books of Luke
Luke's 2 Books of the New Testament
Gospel of Luke & The Book of the Acts of The Apostles
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Books of Peter
Peter's 2 Books of the New Testament
1 & 2 Peter
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Book of MATTHEW
Matthew's Book of the New Testament
Matthew’s Gospel affirming Peter, who in turn- affirms Paul.
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Book of MArk
Mark's Book of the New Testament
Mark’s ministry with both Paul and Peter, profitable and affirmed.
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Book of Jude
Jude's Book of the New Testament
Jude’s echo of Peter, who affirms Paul—showing doctrinal harmony across epistles.
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Book of James
Book of James of the New Testament
James receives Paul as a brother (Galatians 2:9), affirming apostolic unity..
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